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Pinus ponderosa P.& C. Lawson
Ponderosa Pine
USDA PIPOP
Sanpoil and Nespelem Food, Unspecified
Pine nuts eaten without special preparation.
Ray, Verne F., 1932, The Sanpoil and Nespelem: Salishan Peoples of Northeastern Washington, University of Washington Publications in Anthropology, Vol. 5, page 104
Pinus ponderosa P.& C. Lawson
Ponderosa Pine
USDA PIPOP
Shasta Food, Bread & Cake
Nuts dried, powdered, made into small cakes and eaten with a very thin mush made of grass seeds.
Holt, Catharine, 1946, Shasta Ethnography, Anthropological Records 3(4):308, page 308
Pinus ponderosa P.& C. Lawson
Ponderosa Pine
USDA PIPOP
Shasta Food, Dried Food
Nuts dried and eaten.
Holt, Catharine, 1946, Shasta Ethnography, Anthropological Records 3(4):308, page 308
Pinus ponderosa P.& C. Lawson
Ponderosa Pine
USDA PIPOP
Shasta Food, Unspecified
Whole nuts mixed with powdered salmon and eaten.
Holt, Catharine, 1946, Shasta Ethnography, Anthropological Records 3(4):308, page 308
Pinus ponderosa P.& C. Lawson
Ponderosa Pine
USDA PIPOP
Shuswap Drug, Dermatological Aid
Plant used to remove underarm odors.
Palmer, Gary, 1975, Shuswap Indian Ethnobotany, Syesis 8:29-51, page 52
Pinus ponderosa P.& C. Lawson
Ponderosa Pine
USDA PIPOP
Shuswap Drug, Panacea
Infusion of plant used as a wash for sick babies.
Palmer, Gary, 1975, Shuswap Indian Ethnobotany, Syesis 8:29-51, page 52
Pinus ponderosa P.& C. Lawson
Ponderosa Pine
USDA PIPOP
Shuswap Drug, Pediatric Aid
Infusion of plant used as a wash for sick babies.
Palmer, Gary, 1975, Shuswap Indian Ethnobotany, Syesis 8:29-51, page 52
Pinus ponderosa P.& C. Lawson
Ponderosa Pine
USDA PIPOP
Shuswap Drug, Stimulant
Used in the sweathouse to hit oneself at the hottest point.
Palmer, Gary, 1975, Shuswap Indian Ethnobotany, Syesis 8:29-51, page 52
Pinus ponderosa P.& C. Lawson
Ponderosa Pine
USDA PIPOP
Shuswap Other, Fuel
Bark used as fuel because it cooled quickly and enemies cannot tell how long ago camp was broken.
Palmer, Gary, 1975, Shuswap Indian Ethnobotany, Syesis 8:29-51, page 52
Pinus ponderosa P.& C. Lawson
Ponderosa Pine
USDA PIPOP
Shuswap Other, Hide Preparation
Wood used for smoking buckskin.
Palmer, Gary, 1975, Shuswap Indian Ethnobotany, Syesis 8:29-51, page 52
Pinus ponderosa P.& C. Lawson
Ponderosa Pine
USDA PIPOP
Spokan Food, Unspecified
Cambium used for food.
Teit, James A., 1928, The Salishan Tribes of the Western Plateaus, SI-BAE Annual Report #45, page 344
Pinus ponderosa P.& C. Lawson
Ponderosa Pine
USDA PIPOP
Spokan Food, Unspecified
Nutlets used for food.
Teit, James A., 1928, The Salishan Tribes of the Western Plateaus, SI-BAE Annual Report #45, page 344
Pinus ponderosa P.& C. Lawson
Ponderosa Pine
USDA PIPOP
Thompson Drug, Antirheumatic (External)
Pitch used for aching backs, joints and limbs.
Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 104
Pinus ponderosa P.& C. Lawson
Ponderosa Pine
USDA PIPOP
Thompson Drug, Dermatological Aid
Boiled gum mixed with grease and used as an ointment for sores.
Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 466
Pinus ponderosa P.& C. Lawson
Ponderosa Pine
USDA PIPOP
Thompson Drug, Dermatological Aid
Decoction of tops used in washing the face and head by girls who want fair and smooth skin.
Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 508
Pinus ponderosa P.& C. Lawson
Ponderosa Pine
USDA PIPOP
Thompson Drug, Dermatological Aid
Pitch made into a salve and used for boils or cuts. The pitch ointment was left on the skin for three or four days. It was said to get quite itchy, but after a while, the pitch was removed with the bandage and then took effect. If the pitch stuck to the skin, it was not ready to remove.
Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 104
Pinus ponderosa P.& C. Lawson
Ponderosa Pine
USDA PIPOP
Thompson Drug, Dermatological Aid
Poultice of gum applied to boils, sores and chapped skin. White gum was used as a poultice with buckskin on boils and chronic sores while reddish gum was used on hard, red sores. The reddish gum was mixed with any kind of lard, such as deer fat, strained and used on sores.
Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 104
Pinus ponderosa P.& C. Lawson
Ponderosa Pine
USDA PIPOP
Thompson Drug, Ear Medicine
Poultice of warmed gum applied to the ear for earache.
Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 104
Pinus ponderosa P.& C. Lawson
Ponderosa Pine
USDA PIPOP
Thompson Drug, Eye Medicine
Boiled gum mixed with grease and used as an ointment for inflamed eyes.
Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 466
Pinus ponderosa P.& C. Lawson
Ponderosa Pine
USDA PIPOP
Thompson Drug, Eye Medicine
Decoction of gum used as an ointment for sore eyes.
Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 41
Pinus ponderosa P.& C. Lawson
Ponderosa Pine
USDA PIPOP
Thompson Drug, Pediatric Aid
Gum used on babies' skin like baby oil. The ointment caused the baby to sleep all the time, just like aspirin.
Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 104
Pinus ponderosa P.& C. Lawson
Ponderosa Pine
USDA PIPOP
Thompson Drug, Sedative
Gum used on babies' skin like baby oil causing them to sleep all the time.
Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 104
Pinus ponderosa P.& C. Lawson
Ponderosa Pine
USDA PIPOP
Thompson Drug, Veterinary Aid
Hot gum and animal fat poured on horses' sore or wounds.
Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 514
Pinus ponderosa P.& C. Lawson
Ponderosa Pine
USDA PIPOP
Thompson Fiber, Building Material
Needles used as insulation on the roofs of pit houses.
Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 104
Pinus ponderosa P.& C. Lawson
Ponderosa Pine
USDA PIPOP
Thompson Food, Porridge
Seeds and whitebark pine seeds placed in a bag, pounded into a powder, mixed with water and eaten.
Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 104
Pinus ponderosa P.& C. Lawson
Ponderosa Pine
USDA PIPOP
Thompson Food, Unspecified
Cambium of young twigs eaten.
Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 484
Pinus ponderosa P.& C. Lawson
Ponderosa Pine
USDA PIPOP
Thompson Food, Unspecified
Seeds eaten in small quantities.
Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 491
Pinus ponderosa P.& C. Lawson
Ponderosa Pine
USDA PIPOP
Thompson Food, Unspecified
Seeds used for food.
Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 39
Pinus ponderosa P.& C. Lawson
Ponderosa Pine
USDA PIPOP
Thompson Other, Containers
Needles used to line food caches and cellars.
Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 104
Pinus ponderosa P.& C. Lawson
Ponderosa Pine
USDA PIPOP
Thompson Other, Cooking Tools
Needles supported on a framework of poles used for drying cooked berries. The needles were interspersed between layers of dried salmon or any other food being stored. They kept the food dry, but allowed air to circulate around it to prevent spoiling.
Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 104
Pinus ponderosa P.& C. Lawson
Ponderosa Pine
USDA PIPOP
Thompson Other, Incense & Fragrance
Needles inserted into the flesh under the arms by girls who wish their armpits to smell sweet.
Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 508
Pinus ponderosa P.& C. Lawson
Ponderosa Pine
USDA PIPOP
Thompson Other, Smoking Tools
Plant tops hollowed out with mock orange sticks and used to make the stems of smoking pipes.
Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 104
Pinus ponderosa P.& C. Lawson
Ponderosa Pine
USDA PIPOP
Thompson Other, Waterproofing Agent
Pitch used to waterproof moccasins and other items.
Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 104
Pinus ponderosa P.& C. Lawson
Ponderosa Pine
USDA PIPOP
Thompson, Upper (Fraser Band) Fiber, Canoe Material
Used to make dugout canoes.
Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 499
Pinus ponderosa P.& C. Lawson
Ponderosa Pine
USDA PIPOP
Thompson, Upper (Fraser Band) Other, Fuel
Dry cones mixed with fir bark to make the best smoke for smoking skins.
Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 499
Pinus ponderosa P.& C. Lawson
Ponderosa Pine
USDA PIPOP
Thompson, Upper (Lytton Band) Fiber, Canoe Material
Used to make dugout canoes.
Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 499
Pinus ponderosa P.& C. Lawson
Ponderosa Pine
USDA PIPOP
Thompson, Upper (Lytton Band) Other, Fuel
Dry cones mixed with fir bark to make the best smoke for smoking skins.
Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 499
Pinus ponderosa P.& C. Lawson
Ponderosa Pine
USDA PIPOP
Wintoon Fiber, Basketry
Straight stems used for making baskets.
Merriam, C. Hart, 1966, Ethnographic Notes on California Indian Tribes, University of California Archaeological Research Facility, Berkeley, page 264
Pinus ponderosa var. ponderosa
Ponderosa Pine
USDA PIPOP
Tewa of Hano Other, Ceremonial Items
Leaves attached to prayer-feathers prepared during December ceremonies.
Robbins, W.W., J.P. Harrington and B. Freire-Marreco, 1916, Ethnobotany of the Tewa Indians, SI-BAE Bulletin #55, page 41
Pinus ponderosa var. scopulorum Engelm.
Ponderosa Pine
USDA PIPOS
Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero Food, Bread & Cake
Inner bark scraped off and baked in the form of cakes.
Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 43
Pinus ponderosa var. scopulorum Engelm.
Ponderosa Pine
USDA PIPOS
Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero Food, Starvation Food
Seeds ground, rolled into balls and eaten raw only in times of food scarcity.
Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 43
Pinus ponderosa var. scopulorum Engelm.
Ponderosa Pine
USDA PIPOS
Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero Food, Unspecified
Bark boiled or eaten raw.
Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 43
Pinus ponderosa var. scopulorum Engelm.
Ponderosa Pine
USDA PIPOS
Hopi Other, Ceremonial Items
Plant smoked ceremonially.
Colton, Harold S., 1974, Hopi History And Ethnobotany, IN D. A. Horr (ed.) Hopi Indians. Garland: New York., page 348
Pinus ponderosa var. scopulorum Engelm.
Ponderosa Pine
USDA PIPOS
Hopi Other, Ceremonial Items
Plant used in the Su-ya-lung ceremony.
Colton, Harold S., 1974, Hopi History And Ethnobotany, IN D. A. Horr (ed.) Hopi Indians. Garland: New York., page 348
Pinus ponderosa var. scopulorum Engelm.
Ponderosa Pine
USDA PIPOS
Hopi Other, Season Indicator
Needles attached to prayer sticks to bring cold.
Colton, Harold S., 1974, Hopi History And Ethnobotany, IN D. A. Horr (ed.) Hopi Indians. Garland: New York., page 348
Pinus ponderosa var. scopulorum Engelm.
Ponderosa Pine
USDA PIPOS
Hopi Other, Tools
Wood used to make kiva ladders.
Colton, Harold S., 1974, Hopi History And Ethnobotany, IN D. A. Horr (ed.) Hopi Indians. Garland: New York., page 348
Pinus ponderosa var. scopulorum Engelm.
Ponderosa Pine
USDA PIPOS
Jemez Fiber, Building Material
Used as timbers for roofs.
Cook, Sarah Louise, 1930, The Ethnobotany of Jemez Indians., University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 26
Pinus ponderosa var. scopulorum Engelm.
Ponderosa Pine
USDA PIPOS
Keres, Western Fiber, Building Material
Wood used for logs.
Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 61